Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
Tym example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
Negation of Existential | Negation of Locational | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
element | word order | element | word order | |
Northern Dialect | čääŋkɨ- | L T Cop | čääŋkɨ- | T L Cop |
Southern Dialect | ťaŋgu- | L T Cop | ťaŋgu- | T L Cop |
In non-northern dialects, there is also the existential negation particle nʼeetua.
Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
Tym example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
negative imperative particle (ɨkɨ) + main verb in imperative form
Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
Tym example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
tačalqo ‘not able’ main verb in infinitive or supine form + negative auxiliary: [mat kural-qo-noqo tačal-n-a-k ‘I am not able to run’]
word order: main verb + Neg.Aux
Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
Type A2: Selkup has several negating elements. The possessive construction is negated through the negative existential verb (ťanga-). The negative existential verb is not used in the standard negation.
Type | Construction | |
---|---|---|
Nominative Poss. | affirm. | (PoRNom) + PoMPx + e- |
negative | (PoRNom) + PoMPx + ťanga | |
Locative Poss. | affirm. | PoRLoc + PoMPx + e- |
negative | PoRLoc + PoMPx + ťanga PoRLoc + ńetuwa + PoMPx |
Type A3: These dialects have at least two negating elements. The negation of predicate possession uses the negative existential verb. The negative existential verb is also used in the standard negation.
Type | Construction | ||
---|---|---|---|
intransitive | Nominative Poss. | affirm. | (PoRNom) + PoMPx + ɛ- |
negative | (PoRNom) + PoMPx + čääŋka | ||
Locative Poss. | affirm. | PoRLoc + ɛ- + PoMPx | |
negative | PoRLoc + PoMPx + čääŋka |
Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf fomrat.
first way | second way | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
standard | non-verbal | existential | locational | possessive | |
present | ašša + lexical verb |
ašša + nonv. pred. |
subject/theme + čääkɨqo |
location + čääkɨqo |
possessum + čääkɨqo |
past | ašša + lexical verb |
ašša + nonv. pred. |
subject/theme + čääkɨqo |
location + čääkɨqo |
possessum + čääkɨqo |
Taz example sentences are available both in html and in pdf format.
A list of abbreviations used can be found here.