v3.0 933 Text
existential-locational negation, Kajukova, Ljudmila 2008
existential.001
kǝnʼika pǝsan ŏwtinǝ
| kǝnʼika | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ |
| kǝnʼika | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ |
| kǝnʼika | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ |
| book | table | surface | -LOC |
| Buch | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC |
| n | n | n | -n.case |
The book is on the table.
Das Buch liegt auf dem Tisch.
existential.002
kǝnʼika ǝntǝ pǝsan ŏwtinǝ wŏɬ
| kǝnʼika | ǝntǝ | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ | wŏɬ3 |
| kǝnʼika | ǝntǝ | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | wŏɬ | -3 |
| kǝnʼika | ǝntǝ | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | wăɬ | -3 |
| book | NEG | table | surface | -LOC | be | -[3SG] |
| Buch | NEG | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | sein | -[3SG] |
| n | ptcl | n | n | -n.case | v | -v.pn |
The book is not on the table.
Das Buch liegt nicht auf dem Tisch.
existential.003
pǝsan ŏwtinǝ kǝnʼika
| pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ | kǝnʼika |
| pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kǝnʼika |
| pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kǝnʼika |
| table | surface | -LOC | book |
| Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | Buch |
| n | n | -n.case | n |
There is a book on the table.
Es gibt ein Buch auf dem Tisch.
existential.004
pǝsan ŏwtinǝ kǝnʼikaɣǝt ǝntemǝt
| pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ | kǝnʼikaɣǝt | ǝntemǝt |
| pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kǝnʼikaɣ | -ǝ | -t | ǝntem | -ǝ | -t |
| pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kǝnʼikaɣ | -ǝ | -t | ǝntem | -ǝ | -t |
| table | surface | -LOC | book | -EP | -PL | NEG.EX | -EP | -3PL |
| Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | Buch | -EP | -PL | NEG.EX | -EP | -3PL |
| n | n | -n.case | n | -INS | -n.case | v | -INS | -v.pn |
There is no books on the table.
Auf dem Tisch gibt es keine Bücher.
existential.005
pǝsan ŏwtinǝ kɵčǝɣ wăɬǝɬ? os, pǝsan ŏwtinǝ kɵčǝɣ wăɬǝɬ. ǝntǝ, pǝsan ŏwtinǝ kɵčǝɣ ǝntem.
| pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬǝɬ3? | os, | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬǝɬ3. | ǝntǝ, | pǝsan |
| pǝsan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬ | -ǝ | -ɬ | -3 | os | pǝsan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬ | -ǝ | -ɬ | -3 | ǝntǝ | pǝsan |
| pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬ | -ǝ | -ɬ | -3 | os | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | wăɬ | -ǝ | -ɬ | -3 | ǝntǝ | pasan |
| table | surface | -LOC | knife | be | -EP | -PRS | -[3SG] | yes | table | surface | -LOC | knife | be | -EP | -PRS | -[3SG] | NEG | table |
| Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | Messer | sein | -EP | -PRS | -[3SG] | ja | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | Messer | sein | -EP | -PRS | -[3SG] | NEG | Tisch |
| n | n | -n.case | n | v | -INS | -v.tens | -v.pn | ptcl | n | n | -n.case | n | v | -INS | -v.tens | -v.pn | ptcl | n |
| ŏwtinǝ | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntem. |
| ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntem |
| ŏwti | -nǝ | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntem |
| surface | -LOC | knife | NEG.EX |
| Oberfläche | -LOC | Messer | NEG.EX |
| n | -n.case | n | v |
Is there a knife on the table? Yes, there is a knife on the table. No, there is no knife on the table.
Gibt es ein Messer auf dem Tisch? Ja, es gibt ein Messer auf dem Tisch. Nein, es gibt kein Messer auf dem Tisch.
existential.006
kɵčǝɣ pǝsan ŏwtinǝ? os, kɵčǝɣ pǝsan ŏwtinǝ. ǝntǝ, kɵčǝɣ ǝntǝ pǝsan ŏwtinǝ, ɬitǝ qåt låqinǝ tʼăqa.
| kɵčǝɣ | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ? | os, | kɵčǝɣ | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ. | ǝntǝ, | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntǝ | pǝsan | ŏwtinǝ, | ɬitǝ | qåt | låqinǝ | tʼăqa. |
| kɵčǝɣ | pǝsan | ŏwti | -nǝ | os | kɵčǝɣ | pǝsan | ŏwti | -nǝ | ǝntǝ | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntǝ | pǝsan | ŏwti | -nǝ | ɬitǝ | qåt | låqi | -nǝ | tʼăqa |
| kɵčǝɣ | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | os | kɵčǝɣ | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | ǝntǝ | kɵčǝɣ | ǝntǝ | pasan | ŏwti | -nǝ | ɬitǝ | qåt | låqi | -nǝ | tʼăqa |
| knife | table | surface | -LOC | yes | knife | table | surface | -LOC | NEG | knife | NEG | table | surface | -LOC | but | house | kitchen | -LOC | well |
| Messer | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | ja | Messer | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | NEG | Messer | NEG | Tisch | Oberfläche | -LOC | sondern | Haus | Küche | -LOC | wohl |
| n | n | n | -n.case | ptcl | n | n | n | -n.case | ptcl | n | ptcl | n | n | -n.case | conj | n | n | -n.case | ptcl |
Is the knife on the table? Yes, it is there. No, it is not on the table, but in the kitchen.
Ist das Messer auf dem Tisch? Ja, es ist dort. Nein, es ist nich auf dem Tisch, sondern in der Küche.
existential.007
ɬåpkanǝ nʼanʼ wăɬɬ.
| ɬåpkanǝ | nʼanʼ | wăɬɬ3. |
| ɬåpka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | wăɬ | -ɬ | -3 |
| lapka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | wŏɬ | -ɬ | -3 |
| shop | -LOC | bread | be | -PRS | -3SG |
| Laden | -LOC | Brot | sein | -PRS | -3SG |
| n | -n.case | n | v | -v.temp | -v.pn |
There is bread in the shop.
In dem Laden gibt es Brot.
existential.008
ɬåpkanǝ nʼanʼ ǝntem.
| ɬåpkanǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem. |
| ɬåpka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem |
| lapka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem |
| shop | -LOC | bread | NEG.EX |
| Laden | -LOC | Brot | NEG.EX |
| n | -n.case | n | v |
There is no bread in the shop.
In dem Laden gibt es kein Brot.
existential.009
måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ ɬåpkanǝ nʼanʼ wŏɬ.
| måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ | ɬåpkanǝ | nʼanʼ | wŏɬ3. |
| måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ | ɬåpka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | wŏɬ | -3 |
| måɣǝɬ-qătɬ | lapka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | wăɬ | -3 |
| yesterday | shop | -LOC | bread | be | -[3SG] |
| gestern | Laden | -LOC | Brot | sein | -[3SG] |
| adv | n | -n.case | n | v | -v.pn |
There was bread in the shop yesterday.
Gestern gab es Brot in dem Laden.
existential.010
måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ ɬåpkanǝ nʼanʼ ǝntem wŏɬ.
| måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ | ɬåpkanǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem | wŏɬ3. |
| måɣǝɬ-qătǝɬ | ɬåpka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem | wŏɬ | -3 |
| måɣǝɬ-qătɬ | lapka | -nǝ | nʼanʼ | ǝntem | wăɬ | -3 |
| yesterday | shop | -LOC | bread | NEG.EX | be | -[3SG] |
| gestern | Laden | -LOC | Brot | NEG.EX | sein | -[3SG] |
| adv | n | -n.case | n | v | v | -v.pn |
There was no bread in the shop yesterday.
Gestern gab es kein Brot in dem Laden.